Cairo is a village in Randolph County, Missouri, United States. The population was 292 at the 2010 census. The pronunciation is Kay-row, unlike the city in Egypt. Cairo was originally called "Fairview", and under the latter name was founded in 1858. The village was named after Cairo, Egypt, perhaps via Cairo, Illinois. A post office called Cairo has been …Cairo is a village in Randolph County, Missouri, United States. The population was 292 at the 2010 census. The pronunciation is Kay-row, unlike the city in Egypt. Cairo was originally called "Fairview", and under the latter name was founded in 1858. The village was named after Cairo, Egypt, perhaps via Cairo, Illinois. A post office called Cairo has been in operation since 1860.