Six techniques for pseudocyst drainage ... connected to the biliary system, associated with a long (> 2 cm) bile duct stricture that may not be successfully treated by endoscopic sphincterotomy ...

Duodenal stenosis has been classified into three types ... obstruction: biliary first (group 1), simultaneous biliary and duodenal (group 2) and duodenal first (group 3). Endoscopic dual stent ...

biliary drainage before surgery for pancreatic cancer ... Third, the primary failure rate of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is surprisingly high in this study (normally between ...