Novel drugs of abuse have been a growing problem for law enforcement and the medical profession. Consequently, they have also become a challenge for analysts in the face of new or variant chemicals.

To further complicate matters, CYP metabolism can either decrease or increase the blood levels of the active opioid, depending on the drug in question. Some opioids have no analgesic properties until ...

The unique properties of the atom-thick sheet of carbon, known as graphene, enabled a new penny-sized, multiplexed bio-sensor that’s the first to detect opioid byproducts in wastewater, a team of ...

Since esterase enzymes in the blood rapidly convert heroin to morphine and 6-acetylmorphine through sequential deacetylation, scientists have, until now, identified the metabolites as better targets.

Morphine. Morphine has six times the potency of codeine. [] It is metabolized by the liver, but its active metabolites are excreted by the kidneys. [] These metabolites can accumulate in patients ...

D ue to their small molecular size, opioids can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to cause both the euphoria that makes such drugs so addictive and the adverse effects including the respiratory ...

The team's deep-learning framework identified multiple gut microbiome-derived metabolites and FDA-approved drugs that can be repurposed to select non-addictive, non-opioid options to treat ...