Oval, spindle, dumb-bell and picket fence-shaped forms. Oval, spindle or dumb-bell forms are infrequently seen in urine from healthy dogs and cats and more commonly seen in urine from horses (not related to disease). They can also be seen in …

Jun 9, 2020 · Calcium oxalate crystals in the urine are the most common cause of kidney stones. Learn where they come from, how to prevent them, and how to remove them.

Aug 17, 2022 · CaOxalate DiHydrate crystals: COD crystals usually display a bipyramidal structure (Fig. 1). With bright field microscopy these resemble envelopes (Fig. 1C, 2, 3), which do not exhibit any significant birefringence. They are mostly independent of urinary pH, but are less common in alkaline urine.

Aug 10, 2022 · Calcium oxalate bihydrate crystals appear as colorless bipyramids of various sizes (“envelope form”, above left). Calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals are colorless and can assume several shapes, including ovoids, biconcave …

Jul 27, 2024 · Commonly Reported Urinary Crystals. Calcium oxalate crystals: There are 2 significant types of calcium oxalate crystals—monohydrate and dihydrate. The calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) crystals are typically colorless on light microscopy. Their shape varies from oval, biconvex, and dumbbells to elongated rods (see Image.

Nov 28, 2022 · Calcium oxalate crystals are associated with nephrolithiasis, ethylene glycol ingestion, and excessive oxalate absorption. Calcium phosphate crystals are associated with nephrolithiasis in patients with defects of urine acidification.

Jun 27, 2009 · Crystals of calcium oxalate can take two basic forms. The dihydrate form looks like little square envelopes: The monohydrate form in contrast looks like elongated rods or sometimes dumbells. Monohydrate crystals are the predominant form of oxalate crystal seen with ethylene glycol poisoning.

Apr 30, 2024 · Calcium oxalate crystals can form kidney stones, leading to severe pain, urinary blockages, and infections. Crystals can irritate the urinary tract, increasing the risk of infections. If left untreated, repeated stone formation can damage kidney tissue, leading to …

Urine sediment showing both dumbbell-shaped calcium oxalate monohydrate (long arrow) and envelope-shaped calcium oxalate dihydrate (short arrows) crystals. Although not shown, the monohydrate crystals may also have a needle-shaped appearance. The formation of calcium oxalate crystals is independent of the urine pH.

Calcium oxalate crystals are small masses that can be found in neutral to acidic urine. It can be a normal finding in the urine if the patient does not present with any other signs or symptoms. These crystals may appear due to decreased water intake or a diet rich in calcium and oxalate.