Local anesthetics can be classified as either amide (e.g. lidocaine) or ester (e.g. tetracaine). Primary systemic toxicities of local anesthetics are central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction which is initially CNS stimulation manifesting as tremors and/or convulsions.

May 15, 2010 · Historical reviews 1 and prospective series in more than 3,000 patients 2 have documented that it is safe to use lidocaine (Xylocaine) with epinephrine in the digits. In addition, phentolamine...

Jul 1, 2002 · With the vasoconstriction and resultant delay in absorption afforded by epinephrine, the maximum recommended dose of lidocaine increases from 4 to 7 mg per kg 1 (Table 2 3 – 5).

Consider avoiding epinephrine in the distal extremities of patients with peripheral vascular disease. § The maximum dose of LET topical solution is 3 mL. When LET and lidocaine infiltration are used together, the sum of the lidocaine doses must not exceed 5 mg/kg.

Aug 12, 2024 · This study aims to design and characterize an improved dental lidocaine HCl injectable formulation without epinephrine (LW/O/E) via buffers, sweeteners, and amino acids. LW/O/E injections were prepared with pH and osmolality values of …

When used without epinephrine the maximum individual dose should not exceed 4.5 mg/kg (2 mg/lb) of body weight, and in general it is recommended that the maximum total dose does not exceed 300 mg. For continuous epidural or caudal anesthesia, the maximum recommended dosage should not be administered at intervals of less than 90 minutes.

Calculating the maximum allowable subcutaneous lidocaine dose (without epinephrine) according to weight is relatively straightforward. For calculating the maximum allowable dose in mg, use the formula below: where: weight – Your weight in kg. For calculating the maximum allowable dose in ml, use the following formula: where.

Oct 14, 2015 · Local anesthetics can be used without epinephrine (epi). The reasons epi is added to local anesthetics include, to increase their duration of action, decrease their absorption into the circulation and decrease bleeding. In dental procedures these are good things.

Use preservative-free preparations for spinal or epidural anesthesia. May be buffered 9:1 with sodium bicarbonate, to reduce pain on injection (e.g. remove 2 mL of 1% lidocaine from 20 mL vial,...

Oct 10, 2024 · Lumbar: 50–100 mg (5–10 mL) of lidocaine hydrochloride 1% solution (without epinephrine). Retrobulbar Block 120–200 mg (3–5 mL) or 1.7–3 mg/kg of lidocaine hydrochloride 4% solution is suggested; a portion of the dose is injected retrobulbarly and the remainder may be used to block the facial nerve.